What is the purpose of FileVault in macOS?

The purpose of FileVault in macOS is to provide encryption of the Boot volume. This feature secures the entire disk by encrypting the data stored on it, ensuring that only authorized users can access the information. When enabled, FileVault protects sensitive data on the macOS system by requiring a password during the startup process to decrypt the disk and allow access. This is particularly important for safeguarding against unauthorized access in case a device is lost or stolen.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of FileVault. The option regarding disk compression refers to reducing the storage size of files, which is unrelated to the security features of FileVault. The backup of user data is typically managed through tools like Time Machine, rather than FileVault, which focuses solely on encryption. Lastly, the management of applications pertains to how software is installed and handled on the system, but does not relate to the encryption capabilities provided by FileVault.